User Management (Buster)
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At best, there's me, and one or two people I'm training, who actually have shell access.
So I make my user settings pretty global.
Users and Groups
Some of this stuff is discussed in various relevant sections as well.
addgroup --gid 70 wheel addgroup --gid 72 hugepager addgroup --gid 74 website addgroup --gid 900 vmail grpck -s useradd -d /var/vmail -s /usr/sbin/nologin -g 900 -r -u 900 vmail usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,audio,src,staff,games,users,wheel adminusernamehere usermod -a -G wheel root
Adding wheel to root is necessary for later security measures.
/etc/bash.bashrc
I add:
# Enable completion shopt -s globstar shopt -s histappend HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth HISTFILESIZE=65536 HISTSIZE=256 # There is a point at which either just typing it # again or looking through the file is more productive...
Bash completion is provided through /etc/profile.d/ so no need to uncomment.
/etc/profile.d/ls.sh
# Colors and aliasing
# Prefer to set this up as an 'include' instead. Easier to make
# alias changes that I may be using across a large number of accounts.
# Check for interactive bash
[ -z "$BASH_VERSION" -o -z "$PS1" ] && return
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
alias ls='ls --color=auto -A'
alias l='ls --color=auto -la'
else
alias ls='ls -A'
alias l='ls -la'
fi
Default /etc/skel
mkdir /etc/skel/.ssh touch /etc/skel/.ssh/authorized_keys /etc/skel/.toprc /etc/skel/.viminfo chmod 640 /etc/skel/.bash_logout /etc/skel/.bashrc /etc/skel/.profile /etc/skel/.toprc /etc/skel/.ssh/authorized_keys /etc/skel/.viminfo chmod 750 /etc/skel/.ssh/ /etc/skel/
I also add my own public key to authorized_keys here.
/etc/skel/.toprc
RCfile for "top with windows" # shameless braggin'
Id:a, Mode_altscr=0, Mode_irixps=1, Delay_time=0.500, Curwin=2
Def fieldscur=ABEGHIOPSQTNWKMcdfJLrUVYZX
winflags=64808, sortindx=0, maxtasks=0
summclr=1, msgsclr=1, headclr=3, taskclr=1
Job fieldscur=ABcefgjlrstuvyzMKNHIWOPQDX
winflags=64825, sortindx=0, maxtasks=0
summclr=6, msgsclr=6, headclr=7, taskclr=1
Mem fieldscur=ABGCNOPQRSTUVdefJlMyzWHIKX
winflags=64808, sortindx=2, maxtasks=0
summclr=2, msgsclr=1, headclr=6, taskclr=1
Usr fieldscur=ABDECGfhijlopqrstuvyzMKNWX
winflags=62777, sortindx=4, maxtasks=0
summclr=3, msgsclr=3, headclr=2, taskclr=3
I am addicted to my personal top settings.
/etc/skel/.bashrc
After removing unnecessary stuff it looks more like:
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
. ~/.bash_aliases
fi
# Get your fortune cookie!
# Place here so user can nuke/edit as desired.
# Probably should fix cowsay to handle line breaks better.
if [ -f /usr/games/fortune ]; then
if [ -f /usr/games/cowsay ]; then
/usr/games/fortune -a | /usr/games/cowsay -W 75 -p
else
/usr/games/fortune -a
fi
fi
/root/.bashrc
While I copy other skeleton files to root/admin users, a separate .bashrc file is nice even if some of the reason for it is legacy. The talking cow does get a bit annoying bouncing in and out of root all the time.
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
#When restarting mysql, the memlock value gets taken from root's limits, so if we
#are more restrictive, hugepage allocation will fail.
ulimit -l 33554432
ulimit -n 65536
# If not running interactively, don't do anything further
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
# Alias definitions.
# I like using nologin for most users, but this can make maintenance difficult, so...
alias sub="su -s /bin/bash"
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
. ~/.bash_aliases
fi
/etc/webskel
A web skeleton file to help simplify site deployment.
cp -R /etc/skel /etc/webskel mkdir /etc/webskel/logs mkdir /etc/webskel/docs mkdir /etc/webskel/priv chmod 750 /etc/webskel/logs /etc/webskel/docs /etc/webskel/priv
- /etc/webskel/.ssh/authorized_keys
- add no-agent-forwarding,no-port-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc,no-X11-forwarding before ssh-rsa for each key, as well as when you add user keys.
cp /etc/adduser.conf /etc/webuser.conf
- /etc/webuser.conf:
- DSHELL=/usr/sbin/nologin
- SKEL=/etc/webskel
User adding scripts
Because it's all about typing fewer characters.
/root/secadd.sh
#!/bin/sh # This is for adding other administrative users, special # accounts (e.g. for minecraft or git) and so on. if [ $1 ] ; then /usr/sbin/adduser --gecos "" $1 /bin/chmod 0750 /home/$1 else echo "Usage: secadd.sh username" fi
/root/webadd.sh
#!/bin/sh # This still doesn't do everything it should. Need to flesh it out more. if [ $1 ] ; then /usr/sbin/adduser --shell /usr/sbin/nologin --disabled-password --gecos "" --conf /etc/webuser.conf $1 /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G website $1 /bin/sed "s/USERNAME/$1/g" /root/fpmnginx.conf > /etc/nginx/sites/$1.conf /bin/sed "s/USERNAME/$1/" /root/fpmpool.conf > /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/$1.conf /bin/chmod 0751 /home/$1 /bin/chown root /home/$1 /bin/chown root /home/$1/.ssh /bin/chown root /home/$1/.ssh/authorized_keys /bin/chgrp www-data /home/$1/docs /usr/bin/systemctl restart php-fpm else echo "Usage: webadd.sh username" fi
This makes use of the templates we make in other parts of the guide, applying them accordingly.
While the nginx config is connected to fpm properly, you still need to assign an IP address and call it.